Automatic train control



' Fb. 28, 1933. v D, H SCHWEYER 1,899,642

AUTOMAT IC TRAIN CONTROL Filed Aug. la, 192e 2 sheets-sheet 1 2f 1 Z2, 27 *'26 l @3,11

Feb. 28, 1933. D H SCHWEYER 1,899,642

AUTOMAT IC TRAIN CONTROL Filed Aug. 18, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ail-h WQ 2/ Patented Feb. 28, 1933 UNITED STATES AUTOIIIATIC TRAIN CONTROL application med August 1s, 192e. seriaiV No. 130,012.

The present'invention relates to automatic train control utilizing the intermittent type of apparatus, and aims to provide a novel and improved apparatus of that kind operable b 1 induction between the track and train for o taining diilerent vehicle controlling conditions selectively.

Another object of the invention is the pro vision of novel inductive devices or induc- 1@ tors on the track and train, with controlling means on the track, and controlledmeans on the train, whereby a plurality of train Vcontrolling conditions may be obtained selectively, such asdanger, caution and clear conditions, without physical Contact of the devices or portions thereof between the track and train.

A further object is the provision of such an apparatus `for obtaining three condition control and embodying a single unit electromagnet device on thetrain and a singlel unit inductive control device on the track, thereby providing a simple and economical structure,as well as providing for practical and etlicient control.

A still further object is the provision of such an apparatus wherein no electrical current is required for the track part of the apparatus, the electrical energy being carried by the train, thereby affording a saving in maintenance costs.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, which will be apparent as the descrip-` tion proceeds, the invention resides in the construction and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter described and claimed,itbeing understood that changes can be made within the scope of what is claimed, withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention.

The invention is illustrated in the `accompanying drawings, whereini Figure 1 is a diagrammatical view of the apparatus.

Fig. 2"is a fragmentary diagrammatical View illustrating a modification. y y Fig. 3 is a diagrammatical view of a modiiied form of the train part of the apparatus.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatical view illustrating another variation.

Fig. 5 'is a diagrammatical view `of the co- PATENT OFFICE operating vehicle and track inductors .illu'si y trating a further modification.

- In carrying out the invention there is .prov-r vided anr electromagnet'or solenoid 10,7 or Y. other translating device, controlling an'air l valve or other means, in order that when said magnet l() is energized clear conditions will exist on the train (the term train being usedbro'adly-to include a vehicle orv car) A second electromagnet, solenoid-or trans'- lating l device ..11 is providedv controlling -anair valve or other means for obtaining cau#- tionconditions on the train when the magnetv 11 is energized ywith the magnet 10 -deenergized. Electric lamps 12 and 13 are connected in parallel with the respective mag'- nets 10` and 11 to indicate, when lighted, clear and caution conditions, respectively, and any other suitable signal devices maybe used. i

The magnets or translating devices 10 and llarecontrolled by a doube actingelectromagnet 14 having the U-shaped core 15`on the limbs of which are wound` the coils 16 and 17, and a third coil 18V is woundfon the yoke of said core. A double switch 19. is fulcrumed, as at 20, between its ends and between the poles ofthe core 15, and said switch constitutes an armature in theii-eldof the' core 15. This is also known as a'three-v f position relay or mechanism which produces, Vthree distinct conditions, as,'for instance, when armature 26 isinftheenergized posi-k tion and armature .19 .is raised at the left'end to 'energize magnet 10, `when armature 19 vis reversed and raised `at theright end to ener- :gize magnet 11, and when armature 26 is deenergized to Vclose-the circuitat 38 and ener` gizelight 36.

The electrical energy for the electromag` nets 10, 11 and 14 is supplied by a battery 21 on the train, and under clear running conditions on the train, the magnet 10 andcoil `16 are energized, over a circuit including the battery 21, conductor 22, magnet 10 and lampy 12, conductor 23, Contact 24, switch 19 raised against the contact 24, contact 25, switch 26, conductor 27, contact 28, switch 29 and conyductor 30.. The switch 26 is within the field ofthe electro1nagnet14'so as to' be raised against the contactv 25 whenever the magnet i4 is energized. The Switch 291s Within the influence of an electromagnet 32 which will be described more fully hereinafter. A shunt of said circuit includes the coil 16 having one terminal connected tothe conductor 23 and having a contact 31 connected to its opposite terminal, the left hand ,arm of the switch =.19 when raised bearing against both contacts 24 and 31. Suitable resistance is employed so that only part of the current will flowV through the coil 16, fromthe conductor 23 to the switch 19, although, in some cases,

the contact 24 may be dispensed with. It will beobservedthat magnet 16, by controlling armature 19, controls its own circuit iat l- I The magnet 11 and coil 17 are energized ,under caution conditions, with the magnet Y 1() and coil 16 de-energized. The caution 17 into a shunt of said caution circuit,part

of the current flowing through the. coil 17, land, in some cases, the contact 34 may be eliminated. The shunt connection of the coils c I16 andr 17 is used in order to regulate the magnetic fluxcreated by said coils when energized b using suitable resistance between the con p uctors 23, 33 and the respective contacts 24, 34. Magnet 17also controls its own circuit through 19 andV 35. l

' When bothmagnetsl() and 11 are deenergized, then Adangerconditions exist on the klamp 36 is disposed in a conductor 37 connected to the conductor 22 and to a contact `train, and this is indicated by an electric lamp 36er other suitable signal device. The

38-which is engaged by the switch 26 when Vsaid switch drops dueto the deenergization of the magnet 14. The circuit indicating danger conditions includes the battery 21, conductors 22 and^37 lamp 36, contact 38, switch 26 in its lower position, conductor 27, contact `28, switch 29 and conductor 30.

The switch 29 is normally held against the contact 28 by the electromagnet or relay32 which is normally` energized, and is released Wheneverpassing a control location of the track,` for producing danger conditions unless the magnet 14 is influenced to obtain either clear yor caution conditions through the energization ofthe coil 18 by current flowing therein in one direction or the other, aswill hereinafter more fully appear.

Y In order to control themagnet 32 and coil 1,8 there is provided an inductor or electromagnet device 39 on the train-having -a core with a yoke 40 and three limbs 41, 42 and 43 extending from the yoke. An exciting coil 44 is wound on the yoke 40 between the limbsy 41 and 44 and is connected in a circuit 45 with the battery 21, and an impulse Vcoil 46 is also wound on the yoke 40 between the limbs 41 and 42 and is connected in the circuit 47 with the electromagnet 32 and battery 48 and maintains relay 32 normally energized. gized by the battery 21, while the coil 46 is normally energized by the battery 48. The coils 44 and 45 are wound with reference to the flow of current therein so that the magnetic flux in the core created Ibythe coil 44 induces a single cycle` of alternating current in the coil.46, when passing the trackside element, as will hereinafterappear, and one half ofthe A. C. wave opposes the battery 48 to deencrgiZ-e the electromagnet 32, the n battery 48 being weaker than the battery 21 so that the magnetic fluX of the coil44 is stronger than that of the coil 46.V Due to the impedance or reluctance inthe magnetic circuit of the coils 44 and 46, including the yoke 40 and limbs 41 and 42, there being-a long air gap between the limbs 41 and 42, there will normally be only a slight inductive effect-between the coils 44 and 46, and the magnet 32 will be energized sufficiently by the battery 48 to hold the switch 29 against the Contact 28. However, when the air gap is bridged by the inductor or armature on the track, as will hereinafter more fully appear, the reluctance or impedance of the magnetic circuit being decreased will result inthe magnetic flux from the coil 44 surging through the magnetic `circuitthereby inducing in the coil 46 a single cycleof alternating current, one-half wave of which yopposes the current in the circuit 47, thereby deenergizing the magnet 32 for an instant, and releasing the switch 29.- This action, as will hereinafter appear, is used for obtaining an initiating action or danger condition whenever passing a control location,

unless clear or caution conditioiisare established.- Instead of using a separate battery 48, current for the circuit 47 may be taken from the battery 21, as willgbe obvious and lthe, separate batteries are shown to simplify theA diagram. Y

:Impulse coils 49 andlO' are wound onV the The coil 44 is continuously enei'- 7 respective limbs 42 and 43 andare connecti ed in the circuit 51 with the coil 18, said coils being connected in series, and the coils 49 and 50 beingY wound reversely to one another with reference to the flow of magnetic flux in the limbs 42 and 43. hen the magnetic flux created'by the coil 44 flows through 1 the limb 42, without flowing through tlie limb 43, this induces current-inthe coil 49 and circuit 51 so that the coil 18 is energized to create magnetic flux in the core, 15 aiding the magnetic flux created lby the coil 16 and opposing the magnetic flux of the coil 17, said coils 16 and 17- being wound oppositely with reference to the magnetic field surrounding the core 15. `Vhen the magnetic flux from the coil 44 flows through the limb 43, without flowing through-the limb 42, a reverse current is induced in the coil and circuit 51 so that the flux created by the coil 18 in the core 15 will aid the flux of the coil 17 and oppose the flux of the coill 16. The current induced infthe coils 49 and l 50 may be of an alternating current characteristic, but only one half jot the single cycle wave is veffective or utilized. to influence the coil 18. The iirstlhalr" of the wavewill accomplish the action sought, and the last half device 52 is mounted on the track in any suitable manner at the control location, while the device 39 is suspended from or mounted on the train to pass the device 52, the device 39 preferably moving over the device 52, withA the limbs 41, 42 and 43 projecting downwardly, and the limbs 54, 55 and 56 projecting upwardly. When the device 39 is over the device 52, the limbs 41, 42 and 43` register or aline with the respective limbs 54, 55 and 56, as seen in dotted lines `in Fig. 1.

Choke coils 57 and 58 are wo-und on the limbs 55 and 56, respectively, for controlling the action of the device 39, and the coils 57 and 58 are disposed in track circuits of low resistance which are controlled by a track electromagnet 59. Said magnet 59 is connected in a circuit of the wayside signal system (not shown) or may be controlled by any suitable means, whereby current flows in onev direction in the magnet 59 under clear trafc or track conditions, and flows in the opposite fco direction in the magnet under caution track conditions, whereas no current flows in the magnet 59 under danger'traiic conditions. Polarized reversing switches 60 and 61 and neutral switches 62 and 63 are controlledl by the magnet 59, the switches 62 and 63 being raised whenever the magnet 59 is energized, while the switches 60 and 61 move toward the left and the right when current flows through the'magnet 59 in opposite directions for clear and caution conditions, respectively. Thus, as shown in Fig. 1, the magnet 59 is energized for clear conditions to move the switches 60 and 61 toward the left, thereby closing the circuit of the coil 57, including the conductor 64, contact 65, switch 60, congized.

ductor 66, contact 67 switch 63 and conductor 68.v The circuit of the coil 58 is open at thecswitch 61 under clear conditions.

`When the flow of current in the magnetV 59 is reversed forv caution conditions, the switches 60 and 61 are swung toward the right, thereby openingl the circuit of the coil57, and,fa,t

the' Sametime, closing the circuit of the coil -58 which includes the conductorf69, contact 7 0,'switch 61 in right hand position,conduc tor 71, contact 72, switch 62 and conductor- `7 3. The coils 57 and 58 serve to impede the iiow of magnetic flux through thelimbs 55 and 56, respectively, from the electromagnet device 39 on the train. `.The operation of the apparatus is as` follows: Under danger traffic conditions,the magnet 59 is deenergized, so that the switches 62 and 63 are released and dropped from thek respective contacts .72, and 67. The switches 60 and 61 are also in neutral posi- `tionaway from the contacts 65 and 70, re-

spectively, so that the circuits V'of thescoils 57 and 58 are broken vat two dierent'points in each circuit. When the train is travelling in the block, or between control locations, the magnet 32 is energized by the battery 48 to hold the switch 29 against the contact 28, and whether the train has been travelling under clear, lcaution or danger conditions, a danger condition will exist or become established when the device 39 passes the device 52 with the circuits of the coils 57 and 58 opened.

Thus, when the train inductor or device '39 passes over and registers with the track inductor or device 52, the trackcore or armature bridges the core fof the train device 39, with only small clearances between the track and train 'devices to avoid physical contact. The magnetic flux created by the coil 44 willy flow down the limbs 42 and 43 (being divided l between said limbs), and will pass through the limbs 55 and 56, yoke 53 and limb`54 'back to theglimb 41 and yoke 40 ofthetraindevice,

thus completing the magnetic circuit, part of which includes-the limbs 42 and 55 and part the limbs 43 and 56. The impulse of the magnetic-flux thus created'results in a surge through the magneticcircuit and coil 46, whichAV induces a single cycle of counter E. M. F. inthe coil46 and circuit 47, one half wave of which opposes the current ofthe battery48, so thatfthe magnet 32`is deener- The switch. 29 is therefore released and will drop away from the contact 28, opening thecircuit of either themagnet 10 and coil 16 or the magnet 11 and coil 17 depending on whether clear or cautionconditions existas the train approachesthe4 control 1ocation.:y At any rate, the switch `29v being opened will deenergize the electromagnet14, so that the switch 26 drops down away from lthe contact 25 Vand against the contact 38.

Vent the circuit 51 and'coil 18' frombeing en-y ergizedfinasmuch as the current induced in the coil 49 opposes the current induced in theV coil 50. Consequently, the c-oil 18 remains deenergized so as not to raise the switch 26 or prevent said switch from dropping. As soon as the train inductor ordevice 39 has passed the track device 52, nor*- inal conditionswill be restored in the circuit 47,"an'd the magnet 32 will be reenergized from the battery 48, to pick up the switch 29. However, the switch 26 being in a stick cir# cuit with the magnet 14, will result in the circuits-of the magnets and. 11 vremaining broken at the switch 26,V so that both magnets 110` and 11 are deenergized, thereby extinguishing the lamps l2 and 13, and producing danger conditions. During these conditions the lamp 36 is lighted to indicate danger, the circuit including the battery 21, conductors 22. and 37 lamp36, contact 38, switch 26, conductor 27, contacty 28, switch 29 (raised) and conductor 30. f v

- Underclear traiiic conditions,.with:current flowing through the magnet 59 to move the switches and 61 toward the right, and maintain the switches 62 and 63 raised, the lowresistance circuit of the coil 58 is closed, while the circuit of the coil 57 is open. Now, when; the vehicle or lrain passes the control location', with the vehicle equipment in either ida-ngeLcaution or/clear condition, the magnetic flu-X trein the `inductor 39 doesA not pass through the limb 56 because oi' the impedance effectof the choke coil 58, but the magnetic flux may flow freely. throughV the limbinasinuch as the circuit of the choke coil 57 is open at the contact 65. Therefore, withA the inductor 39 over` the track device 52,. the magnetic flux created by the coil 44 Hows freely through the limbs 42 and 55 so as to-completethe magnetic circuit, without passing through the limbs 43 and 56, the choke -coil 58 resisting the flow of magnetic `l'luX through said limbs 43 and 56, Consequently, the magnet 32 is deenergized by one hal-t wave of the single cycle of alternat-ing currentV induced in the coil 46 and circuit 47, as hereinbetore described. inasmuch as the magnetic tluX ilows through the limb 42 and not through the limb 43,

,current is vinduced in the coil 49 so as to lenergize the circuit 51 and'coil18. The current. flows in the circuit 51 and coil 18 in one directionl so that the magnetic liux created in the-core 15'by the coil 18 will flow inthe same direction' as that created by the .coil 16, opposing the magnetic flux created by the coil 17. AHowever, when the-.coil 18 is energized, the switch 29 dropping away from the contact 28, will deenergize either or both of the coils 16 and 17. Although the coils 16 and 17 are deenergized the coil 18 being energized will keep the switch 2 6 raisedjagainst the contact 25. The switch19 is balanced so as to swing easily to either position. The-left hand arm is raised, as seen in Fig. 1, with the train travelling under clear conditions, and the coil 16 energized Vto hold the left handarm of the switch against the contacts 24 and 31. The effective magnetic flux created bythe coil 18 due to the flow' of; magnetic flux'through the limb 42 when passing the track device 52, will be the same `as that created by the coil 16, so that the switch -19 ismaintained in clear position. As soon as the inductor 39 has passed the track device 52,' the normal clear circuit is restored by the raising of the switch 29 against thel contact 28 -by the magnet 32. The normal clear circuit includes the battery 21, conductor 22, magnet 10 and lamp 12, conductor 23, contact 24 (and coil 16 and contact 31 in parallel with the contact 24), switch 19, contact 25,k switch 26, conductor 27, contact 28, switch 29 and conductor 30. VvEhe magnets 10 and 11 are slow-acting so as not to pro- 'duce danger` conditions during the dropping. and pick-up of theswitch 29 when passing a track device 52, with the switch 26'y held against the contact 25 by the encrgization of the coil 18. Should the switch 19 be in caution position, that is, with the right hand arm up against the contacts 34 and 35, then, the energization o the coil 18 under clear conditions, when passing the track device 52, will result in the magneticux of the coil 18 opposing the normal linx of the coil'17 (the switch 29 dropping at this instant) thereby having a'tendency to kickthe right hand arm of the switch 19 down and raise thenleft hand arm thereof to reverse the switch 19 and swing it to clear `position. Furthermoraf desired, the switch 19 may be of one polarity, such as north, while t-he limbs ot the core 15 are of the opposite polarity, such as south. Thus, the lower end of the core of each coil 16 and 17 may be a south pole tending to raise the switch 1'9 although only one of the coils 16 and 17 may be energized at one time. Both of said coils 16 and 17 being deenergized whenever the conductor 39 passes the track device with the switch 29 open, will give the coil 18 control or Vthe switch 19, and the polarity of the core 15 is (respectively) reversed by the` coil 18 when current iiows therein in opposite directions for clear and caution conditions. Accordingly, when current llows in the cir cuit 51 and coil 18, under clear conditions with the switch 29 open, by the flow of magnetic flux through the limb 42, as above de. scribed, the magneticV flux in the core 15 created lby the coil 18 will raise or hold in raised position the left hand arm of the switch 19. Thus, clear conditions' are maintained if they existed when approach-ing the control location, or such clear conditions are established if the train has been proceeding under -caution or danger conditions. It the train was proceeding under caution conditions the switch 19 being reversed by the passageof the inductor 39 over the track device 52v under clear conditions will open the circuit of the magnet 11 and lamp i 13 at the contacts 34 and 35, and it' the train was proceeding under danger conditions, the switch 26 being raised by the indu-ence of the coil 18 will extinguish the lamp 36, it being understood that the switch 26 is raised when the coil 18 is energized to iniiuence the switch 19.

Under caution tratiic conditions, withcurrent flowing in the magnet 59 to swing the switches and 61 toward the lett, as seen in Fig. 1, the circuit of the coil 58 is opened at the Contact 70, while the circuit of the choke coil 57 is closed. The action is substantially of the same character as under clear conditions, excepting that it is reversed. Thus, the choke coil 57 is eiiective to prevent the magnetic flux of the inductor 39 passing through the limbs42 and 55, while the'magnetic iiuxhas a clear path through the limbs 43 and 56. The magnet 32 becomes deenergized, the same as occurs whenever the inductor or device 39 passes a track device 52,

thus providing an intermittent or periodic opening of the switch 29at predetermined control locations ofl thetrack. The iinped# ance of the choke coil 57 will direct'the magneticfliux from the coil 44 through the limbs 43 and 56 as the path of least resistance, and current is theretoreinduced in the coil 59, so as to flow in the circuit 51 and coil 18 in the direction opposite to the iiow of current under Vclear conditions. Consequently, the core 15 is traversed by magnetic flux reverse-- ly tothat under clear conditions, and the right hand arm of the switch 19 is raised against the contacts 34 and 35, or iiproceed-` ing under-caution conditions the right hand arm of said switch is `held against saidy contacts. The switch 26 becomes raised if the train has been proceeding under dangerconf. dition's, so as to step up to caution conditions. rlhe caution circuit, afterthe switch 29 is raised as soon as the inductor 39 hasvpassed the device 52, includesfthe battery 21,.,conductor 22, magnet 11 and lamp 13, conductor 33, Contact 34 (and coil 17 and contact` 35' iii parallel with the contact 34), switch 19 withits right hand arm raised, contact 25, switch 26, conductor 27, contact 28, switch 29, and conductor.. y

It is thus possible by controlling the circuits o the choke-coils 57 and 58 to. divide the magnetic luX of the coil 44 between the coils 49 and 50 for danger conditions, or to divert the magnetic iiuxpractically entirely through either coil 49 or 50 for selectively obtaining clear and caution conditions, the

initiating action resulting in the deenergization oi' the ina-ffnet 32 and dro4 iin@ of the a ,pl s switch 29 occurring regardless of whether either or both of the track circuits ofthe coils 57 and 58 are open. The initiating im-v pulse'for opening the switch 29 and the clear or caution circuitis also used, .under clear or caution track conditions for obtaining an impulse in the electromagnet or device 14 tov obtain or maintain clear or caution conditions selectively. rlhe coils 44, 46, 49 and 50 are all wound 0n the same core, thus providing a simple electromagnetic and transformer unit, and the saine is true of the coils 57 and 58 and core of the track device 52. This pro'- vides for simplicity and economy both in inl stallation and maintenance; 1 i

Fig. 2 illustrates a modification. rlhe coils 16a and 17 a on the core 15 of the device-14a are connected by a branchconductor 22awith A the conductor 22, and are also connected with" the contact 25, vwhereby the coils 16a'and 17a are both energized normally, the circuit including the battery 21, conductors 22 and 22a,

coils 16a and 17a, contact 25, Vswitch 26, con# ductor 27, contact 28, switch 29 and conductor 30. rlhe switch 19 will therefore be heldin either of its positions.V The :coils 16a and 17a oppose one another, creating opposite magnetic flux in the core `15. Thusywhen f the coil 18 is energized,'whilepassing acontrol location, by current 4flowing inthe circuit '51 in one direction, themagneticilux created by the'coil 18l will aid theii'iagnetic flux created by the coil^16a andoppose the magneticy flux by the coil 17a, thereby raising the left hand armof the switch 19, whereas when the current flows in theopposite direc-4 tion in the circuit 51and coil 18, the magnetic .liux of the coil 18 will assist that of the coil 17 a and 'oppose` theV magnetic flux of thecoil 16a, thereby raising"v the right hand arm` oi the switch 19., The operationis thesame as that hereinbefore described, lthecoils 16a and 17a being deenergized whenthe switch 29 drops open, in passing a control location, i

the coil 495 on the limb 42 of the inductor' 395, while the coil 175 is connected in circuit ,51m`

open, thereby deenergizingthe coil 185 'and' ultimately either of the vmagnets 1() andI 11.

It the coil 165 is energized from the coil 495,'

Irc

- the same as hereinbefore described, excepting that the coil 18?) is in either circuit by being disposed in the conductor 22. It will be apparent thaty each of the coils 16?) and 175 being disposed on'one limb of the core 15 will, when energized, raise the corresponding arm of the switch 19, inasmuch as the magnetic linx will be stronger in the limb on which the energized coil is located than in the opposite limb on which the coil remains deenergized.

`In Fig. 4 a still further variation is de# piloted.v A. motor type oi' device 140 is employed comprising the field core 150 on which Vthe field coil 180 is wound, said coil being connected by the branch conductors 220 and 300 with therespective battery conductors 22 and 30, so that said field coil is continually energized. The armature 1960 of the motor 140 has a winding or coil 16e' thereon connected in the circuit lckwith the coils 490 and 5060i the inductor 89o. The armature 19x carries the switch 190. The motor 140 is used for establishing alternative circuits for the magnets and 11 under clear and caution conditions, respectively. TheV normal or prij mary clear circuit includes the battery 21,

conductor 22, magnet 10 and lamp 12, a slow# acting magnet .74, switch 76 of the slow-acting stick relay 74, contact 77, conductor 78, contact 28, switch 29 and conductor 30. Thus, when the switch 29 is released by the magnet `32 when passinga control location, the magnets `l() and 74 are deenergized, and the switch 76V being released will keep said circuit open unless the magnet 74 is energized by way of an alternative pick-up circuit. The primary caution circuit includes the battery 21conductor 22, magnet 11. and lam-p 13, a slow-acting electromagnet 79, switch 80 of the slow-acting stick relay 79, Contact 81, conductor 78, contact 28, switch 29 and conductor 3 0. The stick relays of the vclear and l caution circuits control the energization oi the clear and caution magnets 10 and 11, re- Spectively. Thus, with the switch 7 6 raised against the contact 7, the magnets 10 and 7 4 will be energized, with the switch 29 closed, thereby establishing the clear` circuit, with the switch 8O raised the magnets 1l and 79 `will be energized, with lthe switch 29 closed,

so as to establishthe caution circuit.

When the inductor 396 passes the track device 52, withthe circuits ofY both choke coils 57 and 58 open, the flux from the coil 44 is divided between the coils 490 and 500, soV that the coil or winding 16eI of the armature 19m remains deenergized, and the switch 190 will remain between the contacts 240 and 340 out of engagement therewith. However, the switch 190 being released will open either the clear or the caution pick-up circuit, which ever vis closed, so that both magnets 10 and 11 yare deenergized, to establishV danger conditions. It, when passing the control location, the circuit of the choke coil 58 is closed, so that the magnetic flux of the coil 44 does not pass through the coil 50c and passes through the coil 49C, the armature winding 160 is energized by current flowing n in one direction in the circuit 510, thereby turning the armature 19m and switch 19o, so that said switch engages the contact 24e. This will establish an alternatey pick-up ycircuit for the magnets 10 and 74, said Vcircuit including the battery 21, Yconductor 22, magnet 10 and lamp 12, magnet 74, conductor 280, contact 24o, switch 190, branch conductor 300 and conductor 30. Thus, while the switch 29 is open, an alternate pick-up circuit for the magnets 10 and 74 is closed by theV switch 190, and when the inductor 390` leaves the device 52, sothat the switch Y19e moves away from the contact 240, the switch 29Vis reclosed so as to keep the magnetsl 10 and 74 energized by establishing the normal or primary clear circuit. d i

When the inductor 390 passes the track device 52 with the circuit of the choke coil 57 closed, the magnetic flux of the coil 44 passing through the coil 50c, will energize the armature winding 160 by current tlowing in the circuitf51o in a direction oppositely to that last described above. This will swing the switch 190 against the contact 340, there-l by establishing an alternate pick-up circuit for the caution magnets 10 and 79, said cir-V lcuit including the battery 21, conductor 22,

magnet 11 and lamp 13, magnet 79, conductor 380,' contact 340, switch 190, branch conductor 300 and Vconductor 30. This will energize the magnets 11 and 79, or keep them energized if the train has been proceeding under caution conditions, and as the inductor Y 39' leaves the track device, the switch 29 be* ing raised will complete the caution circuit to maintain the magnets 11 and 7 9 energized, while the switch leaves'the Contact 34a.

Fig. Y4 also illustrates 'a simplifiedV track relay, including a single polarized switch 60G controlled by the track magnet 59, the

switch 600 being connected by the conductors 660 and 710 with the coils 57 and 58, respectively, and said coils being connected by the respective conductors 64 and 69 with the contacts 650 and 7 0c. The switch 600 moves tof-j ward the lett again it the contact 650 to close the circuit of the coil 57 when currentiows in one directionrin the magnet 59, and said switch is moved toward the right against the contact 7 0c to Yclose the circuit of the coil 45,8 when current flows in the opposite direction in the magnet 59, whereas the switch assumes a neutral position when the magnet 59 is deenergized.

As shown in Fig, 5, thecoils ad and 46d may be located on the limb 42d of the core 40d, and the coils 49d and 50cl may be located on the llimbs 41d and 43d, respectively, while the coils57cZ and 58d ofthe track element may be located on the limbs 54d and 56d, re# spec-tively, of the core 53d. n f

Having thus described theinvention, what is claimed as new is i v l. Automatic traincontrol apparatus comprising a train-carried inductor having'a direct current energized exciting coil and a plurality of impulse coils in inductiveV relation with the exciting coil, the impulse coils being reversed with reference to the linx oi' the exciting coil, a track inductor with 'which said traincarried inductor is cooperable to render the'excitinv ycoil active and havin@ f3 D e controlled means to selectivelyimpede the flow of magnetic ilux from the exciting coil through either of the impulse coils, and?. polarized train-controlling means controlled by reverse impulses `from saidimpulse coils to obtain dillerent conditions selectively.

i 2. An inductor for an automatic train control apparatus comprising `a core having three limbs, independent impulse coils on two of said limbs, and an exciting coil and a'third impulse coil on said core between said Vlimbs and the third limb, inl combination with translating means controlled by all three impulse coils for obtaining one condition when the third impulse coil is aii'ected and for obtaining other conditions selectively when the irstnamed impulse coils are affected selectively.

3. Automatic train control apparatus coinprising a train-carried inductor having a core` with three limbs, impulse coils on tivo Vof said limbs and a. direct current energized excitingy coil on'said core to direct magnetic lux through both of said limbs, the impulse coils being reversed with reference to the flux of the exciting coil; a tra-ck incluctor having a core with three limbs to register with the limbsof the firstnamed core when the train passes, and choke coils on two limbs ofthe secondnamed core, one for each impulse coil, to impede the low of magnetic flux through the corresponding impulse coils; means for selectively controlling the circuits of the choke coils; and polarized train-controlling means controlled by reverseimpulses from said impulse coils to obtain different conditions selectively. v v

ll. Automatic train control apparatus compri-sing a train-carried inductor having a direct current energizedexeitingcoil and a plurality of impulse coils in `inductive* relatain other conditions' selectively.

5. Automatic train controlapparatuscom.-

Lso

prising train-carried linductor .having a e core with three limbs, impulse 'coils on two of said` limbs and an exciting-coil onsaid corel to direct magnetic l'lux through both of said limbs, the 'impulse coilsbeingreversed with reference totheiiuxof the exciting coil and the exciting coil being energized byl direct current; a track inductor 'having a core with 'i three limbspto register'with the limbs jofthe irstnamed core when the trainpassemand choke coils Von two limbs of the secondname'd core, one for each impulse coil, Vto-impede the flow of magnetic flux through the corre-l sponding 'impulse coils; means for" selectivei ly controlling the circuitsy ofthe choke lcoils and polarized train-controllingl meanscon-V trolled by said magneticllux to obtain a. dany' ger condition and also controlledv by l'impulsesfrom said impulse coils to avoid said condition and obtain'caution .and vclear condi tions selectively by reverse impulses.

6. Automatic-.train control apparatus comprising a train-carried inductor having ,a di-y rect current energized exciting coil and three impulse coils in inductive relation withthe f exciting coil, two of the impulse coils being reversed with reference to the'liuxr of the ex-v ieo citing coil, the third impulse-g coil being so related with reference to the magnetic flux Y of the exciting coil as topbedeenergized when the exciting coil becomes'aotivepa trackin-y ductor with which, saidtramfcarried inductor iscooperable to render the excitingcoil y active and having controlled'means to selectively impede the llowo magnetic flux yfrom ,y

the exciting coill through either* yotthe two' tirstnamed impulse coils, and polarized train-j controlling means controlled by said impulse coils operable `for obtaining-.a danger condi.-` tionv by the deenergization of the third.y im-` pulse coil andoperablegto avoid said condiff tion and establish clear V,and Vcautionl conditions selectively reverse' impulses from the two irstnamed impulse coils. v 7. Automatic train control apparatus comprising vatrain-carried inductor havinga core with three limbs, impulse eoilson two ofl said limbs7 and an excitingfcoiland athird impulse coil, on said core betweenY said limbs and thefthird limb, theexciting and third pulse coils being energize'd by direct current t oppose one another, with thev flux of the thirdA impulse coil weaker thanthe liux of the exciting coil; a track inductor having a core .With three limbs to register with the limbs of the lirstnamed core when the train passes, and choke coils on two limbs ofthe secondnamed core, one for each of the two first- `4named impulse coils, to impede the flow of magnetic flux through the said impulse coils; means for selectively controlling the circuits .of said choke coils; and train-controlling means controlled by all of said impulse coils to obtain a danger condition when only f the third impulse coil is aliected by-magnetic flux from the'exciting coil and operable to avoid said condition and obtain clear and caution conditions selectively by impulses from the two firstnamed impulse. coils.

l 8. Automatic train control apparatus comprising train-carried impulse coils, means energized by direct current and including atrack inductor-for directing magnetic flux through said coils when passing a control location of the track,said inductor including choke coils for selectively impeding the iiow of magnetic iiux through either of'said coils,

and train-controlling means controlled by impulses from said coils for obtaining dilferent conditions.` p j 9. Automatic train control apparatus comprising train-carried impulse coils, 'means venergized by direct current for directing magnetic flux through said coils when passing a control location of the track including a core on the track inthe magnetic circuits of said Vcoils and choke coils on said core, one for each impulse coil, means for selectivelycontrolling the circuits of saidchoke coils, and train-controlling means controlled by impulses 'from said impulse coils to obtain different conditions selectively.

l0.' Automatic train control apparatus comprising a train-carried inductor havingv V an exciting coil'ener'gized by direct current and having a plurality ofV independent impulse coils in inductive relation with the exciting coil, a'track inductor with which the Vtrain-carried inductor is inductively cooperable to render the exciting coil active and having controlledmeans to impede the flow of Vmagnetic'flux'from the exciting coil selectively through eithervoi:l the impulse coils, and train controllingmeans controlled by impulses from saidimpulse coils for obtaining different conditions selectively.

1l. Automatic train control apparatus comprising a train-carried inductor having a direct current energized exciting coil and a plurality of impulse coils in inductive relation. withkthe' exciting coil, a track inductor with which said train-carried inductor is cooperable to render the exciting coil active and having `controlled vchoke coils to selectively impede the flow of magnetic iiux from the exciting coil through either of the impulse coils, and train-controlling means controlled by impulses from said impulse coils to obtain dierent conditions selectively. f

12. Automatic train control apparatus` comprising a train-carried inductor having a core with three limbs, impulse coils on two of said limbs and an exciting coil on said core energized by direct current to direct inagnetic flux through both of said limbs; a track inductor having a core with three limbs to register with the limbs of the lirstnamed core when the train passes, and choke coils on two limbs of the'second named core,

one for each impulse coil, to impede the flow of magnetic flux through the corresponding impulse coils; means for selectively controlling the circuits of the choke coils; and train-controlling means controlled selectively by impulses from said impulse. coils to obtain different controlling conditions.

13. An inductor for a train control apparatus comprising acore having three limbs,

independent impulse coils on two of saidV limbs, and an exciting coil and a third iinpulse coil on said core between saidv limbs and thethird limb and bothenergized by .direct current, in combination with translatiinpulsepcoils are alected selec- Y ico register vwith the limbs of the irstnamed core when the train passes,and choke coils on two limbs of the secondnamed core, one for each impulse coil, to impede the liow of magt `netic flux through the corresponding impulse.

coils; means for selectively controlling the circuits of the-choke coils; and train-controlling means controlled by impulses'trom said impulse coils to obtain dilerent conditions selectively. f

15. Automatic train control apparatus Comprising train-carried means energized by directcurrent and including a track inductor for directing magnetic flux through said coils whenpassing a control locationof the track', said inductor including-.choke coils for selectively impeding the flow yof magnetic flux through either of said coils, and train-controlling means controlled by said lmagnetic flux to obtain one condition and also controlled by impulses froinsaid coils for avoiding said condition vand obtaining other conditions l selectively.

'Lacasse 17. Automatic .train control apparatus comprising a train-carried inductor having an exciting coil'energized by direct current and two impulse coils in inductive relation with the exciting coil, a track inductor with which the `,train carried inductor is cooperable to render the exciting coil active and having controlled means to` impede the lowV of magnetic flux :tromthe exciting coil through either of the impulsercoils, and train-controlling means aiiiected'whenever the exciting coil is rendered active as aforesaid to estab* lish `one condition and also controlled by' said impulse coils tor avoiding said condition and obtaining other conditions selectively. when said impulsecoils are selectively aiected inductively by the exciting coil. u

18. Automatic train control apparatus comprising a train-carried inductor having a direct current energized exciting coil and a plurality of impulse coils in inductive relat-ion with the exciting coil, a track inductor with which said train-carried inductor is cooperable to render the exciting coil active andhaving controlled choke coils to selectively impede the flow or" magnetic flux from the exciting. coil throughl either of the impulse coils, and train-controlling means afectedvwhenever the exciting coil is rendered active as aforesaid to establish one condition and also controlled impulses from said impulse coils to avoid said condition and obtain other conditions selectively. 4 f

19. Automatic train control apparatus comprising a train-carried inductor having a core with three limbs, impulse coils on two of said limbs andv an exciting coil on said core energized by directl current to direct magnetic flux throughboth of said limbs; a track inductor having a core with three limbs to register with the limbs of the lirstnamed core when the train passes, and choke coils on two limbs of the secondnamed core, one

for each impulse coil, to impede'the flow` of magnetic liuxthrough the corresponding impulse coils; means for selectively controlling the circuits of the choke coils {and train-con-y coils to avoid said condition and obtain-other conditions selectively. Y s, y

20. Automatic train control `apparatus comprising a train-carriedinductor having a core with three limbs, impulse coils on two el said limbs and an exciting coil onsaid core energized by direct current to direct magnetic `ux through both oi said limbs, the exciting coil being energized by direct current; a track inductor'having a core with three limbs to register with the limbs of the lirstnamed core when the train passes, and choke coils on twolmbs onthe seco-ndnamed `corefone for each impulse coil, to impede the flow of magnetic tlux through the corresponding impulse coils; means for selectively controlling the circuits of the chokeco-ilsgand train-controlled means controlled by said magnetic flux to obtain a 'danger'condition andalso controlled byimpulses fromgsaid impulse coils to avoid said coi'i'dition7'andobtain caution and clear conditions .selecltively.v

21. Automatic train "control"apparatus one condition whenonly thelastnamedimpulse co-ilis allected and for avoiding said condition and obtaining otherconditions vselectively when the two lirstnanied impulse coilsrare selectively affected by said `niagnetic flux.V l Y i 22. Automatic train controly apparatus comprising three train-carried impulse coils, means energized by directcurrent for directing magnetic ilux through said coils when passing a control location of the track including a core on the track in the magnetic circuits of saidcoils and choke coilsonsaid core, one for each of two of said impulse coils, the other impulse coil being aliected whenever passing a track core, means vfor selectively controlling the circuits of said choke coils, andtrain-controlling means controlled by said impulse coils toy obtain onecondition when only the lastnamed impulse coil is afiected by the magnetic llux Vand for obtain! ing other conditions selectively whenlfsaid two impulse vcoils are aected selectively by said magnetic flux dependent on theclosing ofthe circuits oi the choke coils.- 'f

:28. Automatici train control apparatus comprising a train-carried inductorhaving an exciting coil/energized by direct current and having three impulsecoils in inductive relation with the exciting coil, a trackindue#v i trolled by all of said impulse coilstto V'obtain [100- tor with which the train carried inductor is cooperable to render the ezl'citingV coil active and having controlled means to impede the ioiv of magnetic flux from the exciting coil through either of tWo of the impulse coils, the other impulse coil being inductively afected Whenever the exciting coil is rendered active as aforesaid, and train-controlled means controlled by said impulse coils for obtaining one condition When the last named impulse coil only is a'ected and for obtaining other conditions selectively when two firstnamed impulse coils are selectively affected inductively by said exciting coil.

24. Automatic ktrain control apparatus comprising a train-carried inductor having Va direct current energized exciting coil and three impulse coils in inductively relation With the exciting coil, tvvo of the impulse coils being for resetting control, a third iin pulse coil being so related With reference to the magnetic flux oi the exciting coil as to `be deenergized vvhen the excitingcoil becomes active, a track inductor with which Venergization of the third impulse coil and operable Eto avoid said condition and establisli clear and caution conditions selectively from the tivo irstnamed impulse coils.

25. Automatic train control apparatus, comprising the combination of a 'train-carried inductor having an exciting coil and two impulse coils in inductive relation to the exciting coil, said Vexciting vcoil being normally inductively inactive with respect to said :impulse coils, a track inductor With 'which the traiircarried inductor is co-opcrlative to render the exciting coil inductively active upon movement of the trainLcarried inductor thereover and having controlled u choke coils toimpede the iovv of magnetic lflux from the exciting coil through one or 50 the other or neither of the impulse coils upon movement of one inductor over the other, vand train-controlling means el'ective Whenever the exciting coil is rendered active as aforesaid to establish one condition and also controlled by said impulse coils for avoiding said condition and obtaining other conditions selectively vvhen said impulse coils are selectively aiected inductively by the excitingVV coil. l y Y 26. Automatic train control apparatus,

vcomprising a. train-carried 'inductor having VVan exciting coil and three vimpulse coils in inductive relation to the exciting coil, said exciting coil being normally inductively inactive With respect to said impulse coils, a

. ileeaeia trackinductor with which the ltrain-.carried inductor is co-operable to render the exciting coil inductively active upon the passage ot one inductor over the other and having conever the exciting lcoil is rendered active as aforesaid, and train-controlling means ccntrolled by said impulse coils for obtaining one condition When the, flux is directed through all three impulse coils, and for obtaining other conditions selectively when t1 tivo first-named impulse coils are selectively alfected inductively by saidexciting coil.

' 27. Automatic train control apparatus, comprising the combination of a traiii-carried inductor including a core, an exciting coil on said core, a source of current for said exciting coil,a pair of impulse coi-ls on said core, a third impulse coil on said core connected in circuit With'a source of' direct current and a relay,'a tracl: inductorL adapted to complete the magnetic circuit ofthe core oic said train-carried inductor as the latter passes thereover, selectively controlled means associated vvith said track inductor ior 'directing magnetic lux through tvvo or more oit the impulse coils of said train-carried inductor, and train-controlling means jointly controlled by said relay and said first-mentioned pair of impulse coils for obtaining a selected train-controlling condition inA accordance With the selective control of the trackvinductor. Y

28. In a train control system, the combination of track-Way inductors having a condition ofclear or proceed and a condition of danger or stop, a vehicle having an inductor registering With lsaidftraclr-ivay inductorsY as the vehicle passes thereover, means on the vehicle for energizing -said vehiclev inductor, a normally energized first relay, a circuit operatively connectingY said relay VWith said vehicleinductor, a second relay, a second circuit operatively connecting said second relay With said vehicle' inductor and controlled Aby said second relay, a translating device'coni trolled by saidlirst and second relays, and

means whereby said first relay iscle-energized at each traclcvvay inductor and said second relay remains energizedl When said track- Way inductor is in thevproceed conditionand is cle-energized When said traclevvay inductor is in the stopcondition. p A y.

y 29. Yln a train control system, the combination of traclway inductors havingv conditions of clear, caution andjstop, a vehicle having an inductor registeringvvith said traclrvvay inductors as the vehicle passes thereover, means on the Vvehicle 'for energizing said vehicle inductor, a normally energized first relay, a closed' circuit operatively connectingA said relay With said'vehicle'inducton a= threeposition second relay, a second circuit operatively connecting said secondV relay with said vehicle inductor, a. translating device controlled by said first and second relays, means whereby said first relay is de-energized at each track-way inductor, and means whereby said second relay is selectively positioned by said track-way inductor in the clear or caution condition and is de-energized by said track-way inductor in thestop condition.

30. In a train control system, the combination of track-way inductors having condi- Y tions of clear, caution and stop, a vehicle having an inductor registering with said trackway inductors as the vehicle passes thereover, means on the vehicle for energizing said vehicle inductor, a normally energized first relay, a closed circuit operatively connecting said relay with said vehicle inductor, a threeposition second relay, a second circuit operatively connecting said second relay with said vehicle inductor, said second relay 'controlling said second circuit, a translating device controlled by said first and second relays, means whereby said first relay is de-energized at each track-way inductor, and means whereby said second relay is selectively positioned by said track-way inductor in the clear or caution condition, and is de-energized by said track-way inductor in the stop condition.

31. In a train control system, the combination of track-way inductors having proceed and stop conditions, a vehicle having an inductor registering with said traclrway inductors as the vehicle passes thereover, a

coil in a direct current circuit'for energizing said vehicle inductor, a normally energized rst relay, a second coil inductively coupled with said first-named coil connected in circuit with said relay, a second rel-ay, a second circuit operatively connecting said second relay with said vehicle inductor, a translating device controlled by said first and second relays, and means whereby said first relay is cle-energized at each track-way inductor and said second relay remains energized when saidtrack-way inductor is in the proceed condition and is (le-energized when said trackway inductor is in the stop condition.

32. In a train control system, the combination of track-way inductors having clear, caution and stop conditions, a vehicle having an inductor registering with said trackway inductors as the vehicle passes, a coil for energizing said vehicle inductor, a normally energized first relay, a second coil vinductively coupled with said first-named coil and connected in circuit with said relay, an electrically yoperated three-position mecha- Vnism, a second circuit operatively connecting said mechanism with said vehicle induc. tor, means whereby said first Arelay is normally de-energized at each track-way inductor, means whereby said mechanism is l l, 1 I

selectively positioned by said track-Way inductors in clear and caution condition and 1s de-energized by said track-way inductors lin stop condition, and a translating device having a circuit controlled by saidv relays..

38. In a train control system, the combination of track-way inductors having clear, caution and stop conditions, -avehicle having an inductor registering with said trackway inductors as the vehicle passes thereover, a coil in a direct current circuit for energizing said vehicle inductor, a first relay, a direct current circuit inductively coupled with said coil for normally energizing said relay, a three-position mechanism energizedby direct current and having a circuit operatively connected with said vehicleV inductor, means whereby said first relay normally de-energized at each track-way inductor, means whereby said mechanism ,is selectively positionedby said track-way in- Vductors in clear and caution conditionsfand translating device interruptedby said first` rel-ay inthe cle-energized position and by said mechanism 1n lthe de-energizedl position. l

In testimony whereof hereunto aiiix my signature.

DANIEL HERBERT SCHWEYER. Y 

